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PostPosted: Mon Dec 10, 2012 5:15 pm 
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December 11, 1862 Thursday
On a foggy December morning, Burnside’s Federals began constructing five pontoon bridges across the Rappahannock River to Fredericksburg. Sharpshooters from a Confederate brigade under William Barksdale drove the builders away time after time. In midmorning Federal guns on the east side of the river opened on the city, but the sharpshooters remained. By noon two bridges were laid. A four-regiment Federal force crossed in boats, drove out the Confederates, and the other three bridges were laid. On the Federal left troops under William B. Franklin began crossing in the afternoon, and a division of E.V. Sumner’s corps occupied Fredericksburg by nightfall. Jackson was a few miles back at Guiney’s Station with his divisions at Yerby’s and on the lower crossings of the Rappahannock. He was ready to move wherever needed to aid Longstreet’s defending corps. The main question was just where Burnside would strike ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fredericksburg ).

There was a skirmish at La Vergne and near Nashville, Tennessee; and at Darkesville, western Virginia ( http://www.wvculture.org/history/sesqui ... 21211.html ); as well as a two-day Federal reconnaissance toward Franklin, Tennessee. Federals began a ten-day expedition from New Berne to Goldsborough, North Carolina; and a five-day reconnaissance from Yorktown to Gloucester, Matthews, King and Queen, and Middlesex counties of Virginia. Nathan Bedford Forrest, with about 2500 Confederates, left Columbia, Tennessee for a raid against Grant’s communications. John Hunt Morgan, CSA, was appointed to Brigadier General.

Assistant Secretary of the Navy Fox wrote Rear Admiral D. D. Porter of the readying of ironclads for the fleet and observed: "We shall soon be ready to try the Iron Clads against the few southern Forts yet in the hands of the Rebels."

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Tue Dec 11, 2012 7:39 pm 
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December 12, 1862 Friday
Both the Federal Right and Left Grand Divisions continued crossing the Rappahannock to Fredericksburg and the flat ground to the southeast. Plans were made for the main attack by the Federal left under Franklin. Jackson ordered Early and D.H. Hill to join him on the Confederate right flank along the extension of the ridge which ran back of the city. Longstreet’s men held the left. As night came, it was obvious Burnside would make his major assault the next day.

U.S.S. Cairo, commanded by Lieutenant Commander Thomas 0. Selfridge, on an expedition up the Yazoo River to destroy torpedoes, was sunk by one of the "infernal machines" and Selfridge reported: "The Cairo sunk in about twelve minutes after the explosion, going totally out of sight, except the top of her chimneys, in 6 fathoms of water." Cairo was the first of some 40 Union vessels to be torpedoed during the war. The torpedo which destroyed Cairo was a large demijohn fired with a friction primer by a trigger line from torpedo pits on the riverbank. Rear Admiral D. D. Porter later observed: "It was an accident liable to occur to any gallant officer whose zeal carries him to the post of danger and who is loath to let others do what he thinks he ought to do himself." Despite the loss of Cairo, Porter wrote: "I gave Captain Walke orders to hold Yazoo River at all hazards . . . We may lose three or four vessels, but will succeed in carrying out the plan for the capture of Vicksburg." The crew escaped. The vessel remained there a century before being raised ( http://www.nps.gov/vick/u-s-s-cairo-gunboat.htm ).

Naval force under Commander Murray including U.S.S. Delaware, Shawsheen, Lockwood, and Seymour with armed transports in the Neuse River supported an Army expedition to destroy railroad bridges and track near Goldsboro, North Carolina; low water prevented the gunboats from advancing more than about 15 miles up the river.

In the Shenandoah Valley there was a Federal reconnaissance from North Mountain to Bunker Hill and a skirmish between Harper’s Ferry and Leesburg. There was a skirmish at Dumfries, Virginia and Dec 12-20 operations in Loudon County, Virginia. Confederates raided Poolesville, Maryland on Dec 14. The Union expedition to Goldsborough, North Carolina soon ran into trouble and was repulsed by the eighteenth. Major General Arnold Elsey ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Elzey ), CSA, is assigned command of the Confederate defenses of Richmond, Virginia.

President Lincoln wrote Mayor Fernando Wood of New York that if the Southern states would cease resistance to national authority “the war would cease on the part of the United States.” This was in response to recurring rumors and reports of peace overtures.

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Wed Dec 12, 2012 8:55 pm 
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December 13, 1862 Saturday
As the fog rose in midmorning from the plain southeast of Fredericksburg, Federal troops drove toward the hills defended by Jackson’s Confederates. The Battle of Fredericksburg had opened. Spirited assaults by troops of George G. Meade and John Gibbon dented Jackson’s lines for a short time, but William B. Franklin’s Left Grand Division was repulsed and thrown back to the low ground from whence it started ( http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/fr ... rmmap.html ). From the city itself, Edwin V. Sumner’s Right Grand Division, backed by Joseph Hooker’s Center Grand Division, debouched against Longstreet’s corps. Longstreet’s men were posted on and at the foot of Marye’s Heights, a ridge behind the city. Confederate and Union artillery added to the crescendo of battle as time after time the Federals approached the stone wall along a narrow road at the foot of Marye’s Heights, only to meet murderous fire. They fought for feet and yards until late afternoon ( http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/fr ... tsmap.html ). A futile, wild, fantastic, direct slam by Federals against the exceedingly well entrenched Confederates of Lee failed miserably. Burnside’s action counteracted McClellan’s slothfulness, but at the cost of defeat, blood, and carnage. This winter day at Fredericksburg tested men and officers alike to the utmost. The heroism was there, but not the strategy. Brigadier General Maxcy Gregg ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxcy_Gregg ), CSA, is mortally wounded during the Battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, when a Federal charge on his lines caught the Confederate troops by surprise. He dies on December 15, 1862. Brigadier General Thomas Reade Rootes Cobb ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Reade_Rootes_Cobb ), CSA, dies defending the "Sunken Road" during the Battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, bleeding to death after having his thigh shattered by a rifle shot. Brigadier General Conrad Feger Jackson ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_F._Jackson ), USA, dies instantly, after being shot in the head by a minie ball, while leading his troops during the Battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia. Brigadier General George Dashiell Bayard ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_D._Bayard ), USA, is mortally wounded by an artillery shell fragment at Brigadier General William Buel Franklin's headquarters during the Battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia. He dies on December 14, 1862.

Gen Lee remarked, “I wish these people would go away and let us along.” A Federal said, “It was a great slaughter pen…. They might as well have tried to take Hell.”

The cost – 1284 Federals were killed, 9600 wounded, and 1769 missing, a total of 12,653 casualties for the proud Army of the Potomac. An estimated 114,000 men were engaged. For the Confederates, 595 were killed, 4061 wounded, and 653 missing for 5309 casualties of about 72,500 engaged. The result – Federals remained in the city, Confederates on the hills.

There was fighting elsewhere: at Leesburg, Virginia; on Southwest Creek, North Carolina; and a Federal raid Dec 13-19 on the Mobile and Ohio Railroad from Corinth to Tupelo, Mississippi. Patrick Ronayne Cleburne, CSA; Franklin Gardner, CSA; and Ambrose Ransom Wright, CSA, were appointed to Major General. The following appointments were made to Brigadier General: Zachariah Cantey Deas, CSA; Roger Weightman Hanson, CSA; Lucius Eugene Polk, CSA; Edward Cary Walthall, CSA; and Marcus Joseph Wright, CSA.

At Murfreesboro, Tennessee President Davis, on his Western inspection tour, reviewed Bragg’s army and conferred with his generals.

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Thu Dec 13, 2012 5:25 pm 
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December 14, 1862 Sunday
The aftermath of battle caused consternation in the North, but little rejoicing in the South. Burnside, driven to rashness by his failure, ordered the attack renewed at Fredericksburg, but was persuaded by his officers not to attempt it. Lee was criticized, probably unjustly, because he did not counterattack. Although the huge Federal army lay beaten in his front, it was still a mighty host and protected by massive batteries on the heights across the river. Finally, during the night, the Army of the Potomac began to withdraw across the Rappahannock River ( http://www.johnpaulstrain.com/art/northern-lights.htm ). In Washington the President called upon his generals and advisers for conferences. Brigadier General George Dashiell Bayard ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_D._Bayard ), USA, dies from his artillery shell wound on December 13, 1862, during the Battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia.

In the West there was an affair near Helena, Arkansas; an attack on a Federal forage train on the Franklin Pike near Nashville, Tennessee; and a four-day Federal expedition against the Mobile and Ohio Railroad in Mississippi. A skirmish was fought at Waterford, Virginia; and the Federal expedition under Maj Gen John G. Foster from New Berne succeeded in taking Kinston, North Carolina. Major General Simon B. Buckner, CSA, assumes command of the Confederate District of the Gulf, superseding Brigadier General William W. Mackall, CSA who had assumed command earlier in the day, superseding Major General John H. Forney, CSA who had been relieved.

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Fri Dec 14, 2012 5:48 pm 
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December 15, 1862 Monday
The humiliated Army of the Potomac sullenly completed its withdrawal across the Rappahannock River as officers bickered, grumbled, and quarreled, and everyone questioned Burnside’s decisions. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia stood triumphant in defense. Brigadier General Maxcy Gregg ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxcy_Gregg ), CSA, dies from his wounds on December 13, 1862, during the Battle of Fredericksburg, Virginia, when a Federal charge on his lines caught the Confederate troops by surprise.

Nathan Bedford Forrest, who had left Columbia, Tennessee Dec 11 to harass Grant’s lines of communications, crossed the Tennessee River at Clifton with about 2500 men. Something had to be done to aid Pemberton at Vicksburg.

There was an affair at White Hall Bridge, North Carolina in John G. Foster’s Federal move toward Goldsborough; and a skirmish at Neosho, Missouri. At New Orleans Maj Gen Benjamin Butler bade farewell to his command and to the people of New Orleans, most of whom were jubilant over his departure.

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Sat Dec 15, 2012 6:26 pm 
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December 16, 1862 Tuesday
The Army of the Potomac crouched on Stafford Heights overlooking the Rappahannock River, still disheartened after Fredericksburg. At New Orleans Maj Gen Nathaniel P. Banks ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Prentice_Banks ) assumed command of the Federal Department of the Gulf, replacing the departed Butler.

In the West Confederate Forrest continued his march in Tennessee. The Union Goldsborough expedition in North Carolina neared its goal with an engagement at White Hall and fighting at Mount Olive Station and Goshen Swamp. In western Virginia there was a skirmish at Wardensville.

President Lincoln postponed the execution of the Sioux Indians from Dec 19 to Dec 26 ( http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/te ... coln6%3A11 ).

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Sun Dec 16, 2012 5:49 pm 
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December 17, 1862 Wednesday
Gen Grant from his headquarters at Holly Springs, Mississippi issued his controversial General Order No 11: “The Jews, as a class violating every regulation of trade established by the Treasury Department and also department orders, are hereby expelled from the department within twenty-four hours from the receipt of this order.” It would appear that Grant was trying to eliminate the tremendous amount of illegal speculation along the Mississippi. Perhaps Grant equated Jews with the peddlers and speculators that plagued his camps. On the other hand, it could be charged as indictment of a religious group. At any rate, the order had political and social ramifications for years. It mattered little that Halleck and Lincoln rescinded it Jan 4, 1863; the damage to Grant had been done. It also resulted in discomfort to a number of Jews, though never put entirely into effect.

As a result of continual political disputes with Sec of the Treasury Salmon P. Chase, the Union Secretary of State, William H. Seward, and his son and assistant, Frederick W. Seward, resigned. However, the resignations were not accepted.

Near Goldsborough, North Carolina the Federal expedition fired an important bridge, fought a stubborn engagement, and withdrew by Dec 20 to New Berne. There was Federal reconnaissance on Virginia’s Peninsula to Diascund Bridge and Burnt Ordinary; and from this day to the twenty-first there was a Federal expedition from New Madrid to Clarkton, Missouri.

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Mon Dec 17, 2012 9:04 pm 
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December 18, 1862 Thursday
Confederate Forrest defeated Union cavalry at Lexington, Tennessee in his campaign against Grant’s supply lines ( http://www.history.com/this-day-in-hist ... -tennessee ). Meanwhile, Grant’s army was formally organized with the Fifteenth Corps under William T. Sherman ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Tecumseh_Sherman ), the Sixteenth Corps under Stephen A. Hurlbut ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_A._Hurlbut ), the Seventeenth Corps under James B. McPherson ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_B._McPherson ), and the Thirteenth Corps under John A. McClernand ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Alexander_McClernand ). The latter appointment practically ended the machinations of McClernand, aided by Lincoln, to form a completely separate army to operate against Vicksburg. Meanwhile, there was a skirmish near Water Valley, Mississippi.

President Lincoln received a committee of nine Republican senators and discussed reconstruction of the Federal Cabinet and the submitted resignation of Seward as Secretary of State.

President Davis, visiting Chattanooga, Tennessee wrote Sec of War Seddon that the troops at Murfreesboro were in good condition and fine spirits. He added that cavalry expeditions under Forrest and Morgan were expected to break up Federal communications to both Buell and Grant. President Davis was anxious over sentiment in east Tennessee and north Alabama as “There is some hostility and much want of confidence in our strength.” South Carolina passed a law providing for the organization of Negro labor to work on defenses. Brigadier General Johnson Kelly Duncan ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnson_K._Duncan ), CSA, dies at Knoxville, Tennessee, from dysentery.

Assistant Secretary of the Navy Fox wrote: "I believe there is no work shop in the country capable of making steam machinery or iron plates and hulls that is not in full blast with Naval orders. Before another year we shall be prepared to defend ourselves with reasonable hopes of success against a foreign enemy, and in two years we can take the offensive with vessels that will be superior to any England is now building." Because of this extensive building program, by war's end the U.S. Navy was the most powerful force afloat in the world.

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Tue Dec 18, 2012 6:23 pm 
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December 19, 1862 Friday
The Cabinet crisis in Washington took most of President Lincoln’s day. In the evening there was a joint meeting of the Cabinet, except Seward, and the Senate Republican caucus committee. Postmaster General Montgomery Blair also offered to resign. Lincoln advised Burnside to come to Washington if it were safe to do so.

Forrest struck the railroads near Jackson, Tennessee in his drive against Grant’s supply lines, with a skirmish nearby. Other skirmishes were at Spring Creek, Tennessee and on the Occoquan in Virginia.

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Wed Dec 19, 2012 10:46 pm 
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December 20, 1862 Saturday
Earl Van Dorn’s Confederates, moving rapidly from Grenada, Mississippi pounced on Grant’s huge advance supply depot at Holly Springs, Mississippi capturing at least 1500 Federals and destroying upwards of a million and a half dollars’ worth of military supplies ( http://www.history.com/this-day-in-hist ... ississippi ). Van Dorn also hit other lesser posts. To the north, Forrest further ruptured the railroads and fought skirmishes at Trenton ( http://www.factasy.com/civil_war/2011/02/03 ) and Humboldt, Tennessee. As a result, Grant was forced to relinquish his plans for an overland campaign and he withdrew from Oxford, Mississippi to La Grange, Tennessee. The Confederate successes also disrupted Grant’s plan to cooperate with Sherman’s move down the Mississippi River toward Chickasaw Bayou north of Vicksburg. Sherman’s force was leaving the same day from Memphis in about a hundred transports. Fighting included Forked Deer River, Tennessee; and Coldwater, Mississippi; as well as skirmishes at Kelly’s Ford and Occoquan, Virginia; and Halltown, western Virginia; and Cane Hill, Arkansas. In the evening Gen Burnside arrives from the headquarters of the Army of the Potomac for a conference with President Lincoln.

In Washington, Sec of the Treasury Chase handed President Lincoln his resignation, adding it to Seward’s. Cabinet members called and the President finally ended the dispute by refusing to accept any of the resignations and asking the Secretaries of State and the Treasury to resume their duties. They did so, but the crisis left its mark.

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Thu Dec 20, 2012 6:00 pm 
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December 21, 1862 Sunday
Raiding and minor fighting seemed to be the order of the early winter. Confederate John Hunt Morgan left Alexandria, near Carthage, Tennessee on a Christmas raid into Kentucky against Federal supply lines. Fighting occurred at Davis’ Mill, Mississippi; Rutherford’s Station ( http://www.factasy.com/civil_war/2011/02/03_2 ), Union City, and on the Wilson Creek Pike, Tennessee; at Van Buren, Arkansas; and Strasburg, Virginia. There were two-day reconnaissances from Stafford Court House to Kellysville and from Potomac Creek Bridge toward Warrenton, and another to Catlett’s Station and Brentsville, all by Federals in Virginia. There also was a Union expedition Dec 21-23 from Fayetteville to Huntsville, Arkansas.

President Davis, at Vicksburg, wrote to Gen T.H. Holmes that it seemed “clearly developed that the enemy has two principal objects in view, one to get control of the Missi. River, and the other to capture the capital of the Confederate States.” However, Davis thought that the defeat at Fredericksburg had probably halted any move toward Richmond for the winter. He added that to prevent the Federals from controlling the Mississippi and “dismembering the Confederacy, we must mainly depend upon maintaining the points already occupied by defensive works: to-wit, Vicksburg and Port Hudson.”

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Gen Ned Simms
2/XVI Corps/AotT
Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Fri Dec 21, 2012 8:47 pm 
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December 22, 1862 Monday
President Lincoln conferred in Washington with Gen Burnside as disputes raged over responsibility for the Fredericksburg debacle and the actions of various generals before and after the battle. President Lincoln issued an order congratulating the army for its bravery at Fredericksburg and called the defeat an “accident.”

Morgan’s Confederates crossed the Cumberland River on their Kentucky raid. There were skirmishes near Windsor and at Joyner’s Ferry on the Blackwater in Virginia. Major General John Ellis Wool, USA, is relieved of command of the Middle Military Department and Major General Robert C. Schenck, USA, assumes command. U.S.S. Huntsville, commanded by Acting Lieutenant W. C. Rogers, seized schooner Courier off Tortugas with cargo including salt, coffee, sugar, and dry goods.

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Sun Dec 23, 2012 12:27 am 
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December 23, 1862 Tuesday
President Davis issued a proclamation ( http://www.history.umd.edu/Freedmen/pow.htm ) calling the former Federal commander of New Orleans and the Gulf, Maj Gen Benjamin F. Butler, a felon, an outlaw, a common enemy of mankind; if captured he should not be considered a military prisoner but should be hanged immediately. This was a result of Butler’s alleged tyrannical rule in New Orleans and the decree also applied to his commissioned officers. President Davis, from Jackson, Mississippi wired his Secretary of War, “There is immediate and urgent necessity for heavy guns and long range field pieces at Vicksburg.” Maj Gen Simon Bolivar Buckner ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Bolivar_Buckner,_Sr. ) assumed command of the Confederate District of the Gulf, and Lt Gen E. Kirby Smith resumed command of the Department of East Tennessee.

There was a skirmish near Nashville, Tennessee; and another on the St Francis Road, near Helena, Arkansas. Operations in the Sugar Creek Hills of Missouri lasted until the end of the month.

President Lincoln requests written opinions from members of his cabinet on the admission of West Virginia into the Union.

The U.S. Navy issued rules for correspondence with the Secretary of the Navy and Bureaus of the Department ( http://www.history.navy.mil/library/onl ... 231862.htm ).

_________________
Gen Ned Simms
2/XVI Corps/AotT
Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
VMI Class of '00


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PostPosted: Sun Dec 23, 2012 9:45 pm 
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December 24, 1862 Wednesday
Union army forces occupied Galveston, Texas, already partially in control of the Navy. In Kentucky John Hunt Morgan occupied Glasgow, after a skirmish. There was fighting near Nashville, Bolivar, and Middleburg, Tennessee. Sherman’s expedition from Memphis drew closer to Vicksburg. Major General John Gray Foster ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gray_Foster ), USA, assumes command of the newly created 18th Army Corps, Federal Department of North Carolina. U.S.S. Charlotte, commanded by Acting Master Bruner, captured steamer Bloomer in Choctawhatchee River, Florida.

James Hewitt Ledlie ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_H._Ledlie ), USA, was appointed to Brigadier General. Arguably one of the worst generals of the Civil War, the appointment of Brigadier General James Hewitt Ledlie, USA, will expire on March 4, 1863, due to the lack of U. S. Senate confirmation. He will be reappointed to the rank of Brigadier General on October 27, 1863, and in due course confirmed by the U. S. Senate. During the siege of Petersburg, Virginia, on July 30, 1864, Ledlie was the Federal commander of the 1st Division, IX Army Corps, which rushed the Confederate defenses during the Battle of the "Crater". While his troops were being slaughtered in this Federal disaster Ledlie was huddled in a bomb-proof shelter in the rear of the main Union line. In September, 1864, his actions were criticized by a court of inquiry, and in December, 1864, he was virtually removed from military service. He resigned on January 23, 1865.

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Gen Ned Simms
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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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PostPosted: Mon Dec 24, 2012 9:25 pm 
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December 25, 1862 Thursday
Christmas Day brought no cessation of lesser action throughout the warring nations. Sherman’s expedition operated near Milliken’s Bend north of Vicksburg. Morgan’s men in Kentucky fought at Green’s Chapel and Bear Wallow. There was a skirmish near Warrenton, Virginia; and a Federal reconnaissance from Martinsburg to Charles Town, western Virginia. Fighting occurred on the Wilson Creek Pike near Brentwood and at Prim’s Blacksmith Shop on the Edmondson Pike, Tennessee as well as at Ripley, Mississippi. President and Mrs Lincoln visited wounded soldiers in Washington hospitals. Major General George G. Meade ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Meade ), USA, assumes command of the 5th Army Corps, Federal Army of the Potomac.

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Blood 'n Guts hisself, a land lovin' pirate. Show me some arty tubes and we'll charge 'em.
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