March 12, 1864 Saturday
The official order setting up the new top command of the United States Armies was announced, albeit somewhat after the event. Maj Gen Halleck was relieved, at his own request, as General-in-Chief and named chief of staff; Grant, of course, was assigned to command all the armies; Maj Gen W.T. Sherman was assigned to the Military Division of the Mississippi commanding the Departments of the Ohio, the Cumberland, the Tennessee, and the Arkansas; Maj Gen J.B. McPherson replaced Sherman in command of the Department and Army of the Tennessee. In the general orders the President also expressed his approbation and thanks to Halleck for “able and zealous” service. (
http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/te ... oln7%3A525 )
Rear Admiral Porter's gunboats moved up the Red River, Louisiana, to open the two month operation (
http://www.civilwarhome.com/redrivercampaign.htm ) aimed at obtaining a lodgement across the border in Texas. U.S.S. Eastport, commanded by Lieutenant Commander Samuel L. Phelps, pushed ahead to remove the obstructions in the river below Fort De Russy (
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_DeRussy_(Louisiana) and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Fort_De_Russy ), followed by ironclads U.S.S. Choctaw, Essex, Ozark, Osage, and Neosho and wooden steamers Lafayette, Fort Hindman, and Cricket. Porter took ironclads U.S.S. Benton, Chillicothe, Louisville, Pittsburg, and Mound City and wooden paddlewheelers Ouachita, Lexington, and Gazelle into the Atchafalaya River to cover the Army landing at Simmesport. A landing party from Benton, commanded by Lieutenant Commander Greer, drove back Confederate pickets prior to the arrival of the transports. Next morning, 13 March, the soldiers disembarked and pursued the Confederates falling back on Fort De Russy. Meanwhile, Eastport and the gunboats which had continued up the Red River reached the obstructions which the Southerners had taken five months to build. "They supposed it impassable," Porter observed, "but our energetic sailors with hard work opened a passage in a few hours." Eastport and Neosho passed through and commenced bombarding Fort De Russy as the Union troops began their assault on the works; by the 14th it was in Union hands. Porter wrote: "The surrender of the forts at Point De Russy is of much more importance than I at first supposed. The rebels had depended on that point to stop any advance of army or navy into rebeldom. Large quantities of ammunition, best engineers, and best troops were sent there. . . ."
A skirmish near Union City, Tennessee and a Federal scout to Nola Chucky Bend near Morristown, Tennessee were recorded actions.
President Davis suspended the execution of a deserter. The Lincolns entertained a number of top-ranking military men (
http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/te ... oln7%3A514 ) but Gen Grant was not there – he was heading west to confer with Sherman. President Lincoln wrote Gen Butler that two ladies, seeking to visit Maryland, could not do so unless they took the oath of allegiance.
U.S.S. Columbine, commanded by Acting Ensign Francis W. Sanborn, supporting an Army movement up the St. John's River, Florida, captured Confederate river steamer General Sumter, commanded by Acting Master John C. Champion. Commanding a launch from U.S.S. Pawnee which was in company with tug Columbine, took command of the prize, and the two vessels pushed on up the St. John's, reaching Lake Monroe on the 14th. That afternoon the naval force captured steamer Hattie at Deep Creek. The expedition continued for the next few days, destroying a Southern sugar refinery and proceeding to Palatka, where the Army was taking up a fortified position.
U.S.S. Aroostook, commanded by Lieutenant Commander Hatfield, captured schooner Marion near Velasco, Texas, with cargo of salt and iron. Marion sank in a gale off Galveston on the 14th.
U.S.S. Massachusetts, commanded by Acting Lieutenant William H. West, captured sloop Persis in Wassaw Sound, Georgia, with cargo of cotton.